Physical Planning and Construction Civil Engineering Construction

Steel Structures Strength Of Materials Fundamentals Training

SAQA US 114198 | NQF 5 | Credits 20 | Duration 17 Days
From $2,905 per delegate

Description

This course provides foundational knowledge of strength of materials principles as applied to steel structures. Learners will gain the ability to analyze and evaluate structural integrity, ensuring safe and efficient design and maintenance practices in accordance with South African standards.

Learning Outcomes

  • Apply fundamental principles of strength of materials to analyze steel structural components.
  • Analyze stress-strain relationships and calculate key parameters such as tensile strength, yield point, and modulus of elasticity.
  • Evaluate the effects of axial, bending, and torsional loads on steel members.
  • Implement appropriate safety factors and design criteria for steel structures.
  • Demonstrate competence in interpreting material test results and structural drawings.
  • Assess the structural integrity of steel components under various loading conditions.

Target Audience

This course is designed for engineers, technicians, and supervisors involved in the design, construction, or inspection of steel structures, particularly those in the manufacturing, mining, and construction sectors.

Prerequisites

None — open enrollment

Course Outline

Day 1: Introduction to Strength of Materials

Objectives:
• Understand the scope and importance of strength of materials in steel structures
• Define key terms: stress, strain, elasticity, plasticity
• Identify the basic mechanical properties of steel
• Recognise the role of standards and codes in structural design
• Explain the concept of load and its classification

Topics:
• Overview of strength of materials and its applications
• Fundamental concepts: force, stress, strain
• Mechanical properties of structural steel
• Introduction to relevant standards (SANS, EN)
• Types of loads: dead, live, wind, seismic

Day 2: Stress and Strain Fundamentals

Objectives:
• Differentiate between normal stress and shear stress
• Calculate axial stress and strain in prismatic bars
• Understand Hooke’s law and modulus of elasticity
• Plot and interpret stress-strain curves for steel
• Apply factor of safety concepts

Topics:
• Normal stress and strain: axial loading
• Shear stress and strain
• Hooke’s law and Young’s modulus
• Stress-strain diagram for ductile steel
• Factor of safety and allowable stress

Day 3: Axially Loaded Members

Objectives:
• Analyse statically determinate axially loaded members
• Compute deformation of prismatic and non-prismatic bars
• Solve problems involving thermal effects
• Understand stress concentrations
• Apply Saint-Venant’s principle

Topics:
• Axial deformation formula
• Statically determinate systems
• Thermal stresses and strains
• Stress concentrations in tension members
• Saint-Venant’s principle

Day 4: Torsion of Steel Members

Objectives:
• Explain torsion in circular shafts and non-circular sections
• Calculate shear stress and angle of twist
• Analyse statically indeterminate torsion problems
• Understand torsional buckling in open sections
• Apply torsion formulas to steel beams

Topics:
• Torsion of circular shafts: elastic theory
• Angle of twist and shear stress distribution
• Torsion of thin-walled open sections
• Warping torsion in I-beams
• Design considerations for torsional loading

Day 5: Bending: Shear Force and Bending Moment

Objectives:
• Construct shear force and bending moment diagrams for beams
• Determine reactions for simply supported and cantilever beams
• Identify points of maximum shear and moment
• Apply sign conventions
• Use superposition for combined loading

Topics:
• Types of beams and supports
• Shear force and bending moment diagrams
• Relationships between load, shear, and moment
• Graphical method for diagram construction
• Superposition principle

Day 6: Bending Stress in Beams

Objectives:
• Derive the flexure formula for pure bending
• Calculate bending stress in symmetric sections
• Apply section modulus for strength checks
• Understand composite beam behaviour
• Analyse beams of two materials

Topics:
• Flexure formula and assumptions
• Elastic bending stress distribution
• Section modulus and moment of resistance
• Composite beams: transformed section method
• Bending of unsymmetric sections

Day 7: Shear Stress in Beams

Objectives:
• Derive the shear formula for rectangular sections
• Compute shear stress distribution in beams
• Determine shear flow in built-up sections
• Analyse shear in thin-walled sections
• Apply shear design to steel beams

Topics:
• Shear stress formula for beams
• Shear stress distribution in common shapes
• Shear flow in flanged sections
• Shear centre concept
• Design for shear in steel beams

Day 8: Deflection of Beams

Objectives:
• Calculate beam deflection using double integration
• Apply moment-area method for slopes and deflections
• Use superposition for deflection problems
• Understand boundary conditions
• Check deflection limits per codes

Topics:
• Differential equation of elastic curve
• Double integration method
• Moment-area theorems
• Superposition method
• Allowable deflection criteria

Day 9: Combined Stresses and Mohr’s Circle

Objectives:
• Analyse combined axial, bending, and torsional stresses
• Construct Mohr’s circle for plane stress
• Determine principal stresses and maximum shear
• Apply failure theories for ductile materials
• Evaluate stress states at critical points

Topics:
• Combined loading: axial + bending + torsion
• Plane stress transformation
• Mohr’s circle construction
• Principal stresses and maximum shear stress
• Failure theories: von Mises, Tresca

Day 10: Columns and Buckling

Objectives:
• Understand column buckling theory
• Apply Euler’s formula for long columns
• Determine effective length for various end conditions
• Analyse intermediate columns using empirical formulas
• Design steel columns per SANS 10162

Topics:
• Euler buckling theory
• Effective length factor
• Slenderness ratio
• Johnson’s formula for intermediate columns
• Column design in steel codes

Day 11: Connections: Bolted Joints

Objectives:
• Identify types of bolted connections
• Calculate shear and tension capacity of bolts
• Design simple bolted connections
• Understand bolt group behaviour
• Apply prying action considerations

Topics:
• Bolted connection types: bearing, friction
• Bolt strength: shear, tension, combined
• Bolt group analysis: eccentric loading
• Prying action
• Design of simple bolted joints

Day 12: Connections: Welded Joints

Objectives:
• Recognise weld types and symbols
• Compute weld throat area and stress
• Design fillet and groove welds
• Analyse weld groups under eccentric loads
• Understand weld defects and inspection

Topics:
• Weld types: fillet, groove, plug
• Weld symbols and specifications
• Strength of fillet welds
• Eccentrically loaded weld groups
• Weld quality and inspection methods

Day 13: Plate Girders and Built-Up Sections

Objectives:
• Explain the function of plate girders
• Design web and flanges for bending and shear
• Check for buckling: web crippling, stiffeners
• Understand hybrid girders
• Apply design provisions from codes

Topics:
• Plate girder components
• Bending and shear design
• Web buckling and stiffeners
• Flange-to-web welds
• Hybrid girder design

Day 14: Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics

Objectives:
• Understand fatigue failure in steel structures
• Apply S-N curves and fatigue design rules
• Recognise fracture mechanisms: brittle vs ductile
• Introduce fracture mechanics concepts
• Apply fatigue assessment to welded details

Topics:
• Fatigue failure mechanisms
• S-N curves and endurance limit
• Fatigue design categories for steel
• Fracture mechanics: stress intensity factor
• Fatigue of welded joints

Day 15: Structural Analysis Software Applications

Objectives:
• Use software for linear static analysis
• Model simple steel frames and beams
• Interpret analysis results: forces, stresses, deflections
• Validate software output with hand calculations
• Understand limitations of numerical methods

Topics:
• Introduction to structural analysis software
• Modelling beams, columns, and connections
• Applying loads and boundary conditions
• Interpreting results: diagrams and tables
• Verification of results

Day 16: Design of Steel Structures: Case Studies

Objectives:
• Apply strength of materials principles to real designs
• Design a simple steel beam and column system
• Check connections for adequacy
• Prepare a design report
• Present and defend design decisions

Topics:
• Case study: industrial building frame
• Load take-down and analysis
• Member design: beam, column, brace
• Connection design
• Design documentation

Day 17: Review and Assessment

Objectives:
• Review all core concepts from the course
• Solve integrated problems covering multiple topics
• Complete a written assessment
• Demonstrate competency in calculations
• Receive feedback and certification details

Topics:
• Comprehensive review of key topics
• Integrated problem-solving session
• Written assessment (closed book)
• Calculation verification
• Course evaluation and certification

Practicals

68 hours of practicals To be conducted online or on-campus or in-house
Overview

Hands-on practicals are essential for learners to apply theoretical concepts to real steel components. Learners will conduct tensile tests, measure beam deflections, and assemble bolted and welded connections in a workshop setting, reinforcing calculation skills with physical verification.

Practical Activities
  • Tensile Testing of Steel Coupons — Learners perform tensile tests on steel samples using a universal testing machine, recording stress-strain data and determining yield strength, ultimate strength, and modulus of elasticity. (16h)
  • Beam Bending and Deflection Measurement — Learners set up simply supported and cantilever steel beams, apply point and distributed loads, measure deflections using dial gauges, and compare with theoretical calculations. (16h)
  • Bolted Connection Assembly and Testing — Learners assemble bolted connections with varying bolt patterns, tighten bolts to specified torques, and test the joint under shear and tension loads using a hydraulic test frame. (12h)
  • Welded Joint Fabrication and Inspection — Learners prepare and weld fillet and groove joints on steel plates, then inspect welds using visual and non-destructive methods (dye penetrant) and evaluate weld strength. (12h)
  • Column Buckling Demonstration — Learners test steel columns of various slenderness ratios under axial load, observe buckling modes, and compare critical loads with Euler and Johnson formulas. (12h)

Summatives

Each delegate is assessed continuously throughout the course via daily exercises, scored practical assignments, and a final summative test at the end.

Practical Assignments — 30%

Practical assignments are observed and scored against a rubric during the practical sessions. Each delegate's practical mark is averaged into a single 100% score and contributes 30% to the final total.

Daily Exercises — 20%

Every training day ends with a multiple-choice exercise scored out of 100%. The scores from each daily exercise are averaged across the duration of the course to produce a Daily Average mark, which contributes 20% to the final total.

Final Test — 50%

On the last day a final summative test is written. It is a multiple-choice paper with multiple-answer questions: each question may have more than one correct option, and a single wrong selection on a question marks the entire question wrong — no partial credit. The final test is scored out of 100% and contributes 50% to the overall mark.

Final Total
Component Out of Weight
Practical Assignments (rubric-scored) 100% 30%
Daily Average (multiple choice) 100% 20%
Final Test (multi-answer multiple choice) 100% 50%
Final Total 100%

All marks are recorded on the AATICD LMS and visible to each learner under their account.

Certificate

Certificate of Completion

Awarded to delegates who achieve an overall mark of 50% or higher on the Final Total (Practicals 30% + Daily Average 20% + Final Test 50%).

How it works
  • Certificates are auto-generated on the AATICD LMS as soon as the marks pass the 50% threshold.
  • Each certificate is a branded PDF with the delegate's name, the course title, the unit standard ID, NQF level, credits, and the date of issue.
  • You can download or print your certificate from your LMS dashboard at any time after issue — there's no reissue fee and no expiry date.
  • If you scored under 50% you can sit the final test again at the next scheduled session at no extra cost.
Where to find it

Sign in to the LMS, open your dashboard, and your certificates appear under My Certificates. Each entry has a View / Download button and a print option.

Training Discounts

Group discounts apply automatically — the more delegates you enrol, the greater the saving. Discounts are calculated at 3% per 5 delegates, scaling up to 40% off for 100+ delegates.

Delegates Discount
5 3% off
10 6% off
15 9% off
20 12% off
25 15% off
30 18% off
50 30% off
75 35% off
100 40% off

3% discount per 5 delegates, up to 40% off for 100+ delegates. Contact us for a custom group quote.

Upcoming Training Sessions
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Training Discounts
Delegates Discount
5 3% off
10 6% off
15 9% off
20 12% off
25 15% off
30 18% off
50 30% off
75 35% off
100 40% off

3% off per 5 delegates, up to 40% for 100+

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