Physical, Mathematical, Computer and Life Sciences › Physical Sciences
This course equips learners with the knowledge and skills required to safely and effectively move aircraft on the ground using tow tractors. It covers the principles of aircraft ground movement, operational procedures, and safety protocols to prevent accidents and damage. Learners will understand the responsibilities of ground crew and the importance of communication during towing operations.
This course is designed for ground handling staff, ramp agents, and aviation operations personnel who are involved in the movement of aircraft on the ground. It is also suitable for supervisors and managers overseeing ground operations at airports.
None — open enrollment
Objectives:
• Understand the role of tow tractors in aircraft ground movement
• Identify different types of tow tractors and their applications
• Recognize the importance of safety in ground handling operations
• Describe the basic principles of aircraft towing
Topics:
• Overview of aircraft ground movement operations
• Types of tow tractors: pushback tugs, towbarless tugs, conventional tugs
• Key components of a tow tractor
• Safety regulations and industry standards (IATA, SA-CAA)
• Introduction to aircraft towing procedures
Objectives:
• Identify major systems of a tow tractor (engine, transmission, brakes, steering)
• Perform pre-operational checks according to manufacturer guidelines
• Understand hydraulic and electrical systems
• Recognize common faults and warning indicators
Topics:
• Tow tractor systems overview: power train, hydraulics, electrical
• Daily inspection checklist: fluids, tires, lights, brakes
• Start-up and shut-down procedures
• Interpretation of dashboard gauges and warning lights
• Basic troubleshooting of common issues
Objectives:
• Identify different towing attachments: towbars, towbarless adapters
• Understand weight limits and load capacities
• Inspect and maintain towing equipment
• Know the correct attachment procedures for various aircraft types
Topics:
• Towbar types and compatibility with aircraft
• Towbarless towing technology
• Load capacity calculations and limitations
• Inspection of towbars and adapters for wear and damage
• Proper storage and handling of equipment
Objectives:
• Use standard radio phraseology for ground movement
• Coordinate with ground crew, marshallers, and flight deck
• Understand hand signals and marshalling commands
• Apply effective teamwork during pushback and towing
Topics:
• Radio communication protocols and frequencies
• Standard hand signals for aircraft marshalling
• Roles and responsibilities of ground crew
• Communication during pushback and taxi
• Emergency communication procedures
Objectives:
• Calculate aircraft weight and balance for towing
• Understand turning radii and clearance requirements
• Apply safe towing speeds and distances
• Recognize the impact of wind and weather on towing
Topics:
• Aircraft weight and balance principles
• Determining towing limits based on aircraft type
• Turning radius and wingtip clearance calculations
• Safe towing speeds for different conditions
• Weather considerations: wind, rain, ice
Objectives:
• Execute pushback procedures for various aircraft
• Coordinate with flight deck during pushback
• Manage obstacles and confined spaces
• Apply emergency stop procedures
Topics:
• Standard pushback procedures (with and without towbar)
• Communication with cockpit during pushback
• Navigating tight spaces and obstacles
• Use of wing walkers and spotters
• Emergency stop and abort procedures
Objectives:
• Plan towing routes on taxiways and aprons
• Adhere to airport markings and signage
• Manage towing in low visibility conditions
• Understand right-of-way rules
Topics:
• Airport layout: taxiways, aprons, runways
• Taxiway markings, signs, and lighting
• Towing in low visibility (fog, night)
• Right-of-way and yielding procedures
• Towing multiple aircraft (towing trains)
Objectives:
• Identify hazards associated with aircraft towing
• Apply risk assessment and mitigation
• Respond to emergencies: brake failure, towbar breakage, fire
• Understand incident reporting procedures
Topics:
• Hazard identification: jet blast, FOD, collisions
• Risk assessment matrix and controls
• Emergency response: brake failure, towbar detachment
• Fire extinguisher use and evacuation
• Incident reporting and documentation
Objectives:
• Interpret SA-CAA regulations relevant to ground handling
• Complete tow logs and maintenance records
• Understand liability and insurance requirements
• Apply quality assurance principles
Topics:
• SA-CAA regulations (Part 139, 140)
• Aircraft movement logs and records
• Maintenance documentation for tow tractors
• Liability and insurance in ground operations
• Quality assurance audits and inspections
Objectives:
• Tow aircraft in challenging conditions (slopes, tight ramps)
• Handle disabled or abnormal aircraft
• Operate in adverse weather (strong winds, ice)
• Coordinate with maintenance and other departments
Topics:
• Towing on slopes and uneven surfaces
• Towing disabled aircraft (engine failure, flat tires)
• Operations in high winds and icy conditions
• Coordination with maintenance hangars
• Towing wide-body aircraft (special considerations)
Objectives:
• Demonstrate competency in all towing procedures
• Complete a simulated towing operation
• Review course material and clarify doubts
• Prepare for formal assessment
Topics:
• Comprehensive review of key concepts
• Simulated pushback and towing exercise
• Written assessment on regulations and procedures
• Feedback session and course evaluation
• Certification requirements and next steps
Practical sessions provide hands-on experience in operating tow tractors, attaching towing equipment, and executing pushback and towing maneuvers under supervision. Learners will apply safety procedures, communication protocols, and emergency responses in a controlled environment to build competence and confidence.
Each delegate is assessed continuously throughout the course via daily exercises, scored practical assignments, and a final summative test at the end.
Practical assignments are observed and scored against a rubric during the practical sessions. Each delegate's practical mark is averaged into a single 100% score and contributes 30% to the final total.
Every training day ends with a multiple-choice exercise scored out of 100%. The scores from each daily exercise are averaged across the duration of the course to produce a Daily Average mark, which contributes 20% to the final total.
On the last day a final summative test is written. It is a multiple-choice paper with multiple-answer questions: each question may have more than one correct option, and a single wrong selection on a question marks the entire question wrong — no partial credit. The final test is scored out of 100% and contributes 50% to the overall mark.
| Component | Out of | Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Practical Assignments (rubric-scored) | 100% | 30% |
| Daily Average (multiple choice) | 100% | 20% |
| Final Test (multi-answer multiple choice) | 100% | 50% |
| Final Total | — | 100% |
All marks are recorded on the AATICD LMS and visible to each learner under their account.
Sign in to the LMS, open your dashboard, and your certificates appear under My Certificates. Each entry has a View / Download button and a print option.
Group discounts apply automatically — the more delegates you enrol, the greater the saving. Discounts are calculated at 3% per 5 delegates, scaling up to 40% off for 100+ delegates.
| Delegates | Discount |
|---|---|
| 5 | 3% off |
| 10 | 6% off |
| 15 | 9% off |
| 20 | 12% off |
| 25 | 15% off |
| 30 | 18% off |
| 50 | 30% off |
| 75 | 35% off |
| 100 | 40% off |
3% discount per 5 delegates, up to 40% off for 100+ delegates. Contact us for a custom group quote.
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