Prepare Prime And Paint New And Previously Coated Surfaces Training

Objectives:
• Understand the scope and outcomes of the unit standard
• Identify different surface types and their characteristics
• Explain the basic principles of adhesion and coating performance
• Recognise health and safety requirements for painting work
• Describe the role of surface preparation in coating longevity

Topics:
• Overview of unit standard 119072 and course structure
• Types of surfaces: new wood, metal, plaster, previously coated
• Principles of adhesion: mechanical and chemical bonding
• Introduction to coating systems: primers, undercoats, topcoats
• Health and safety legislation: OHSA, PPE, ventilation
• Environmental considerations: waste disposal, VOC awareness

Objectives:
• Assess substrate condition using visual and tactile methods
• Identify common surface defects on new and coated surfaces
• Determine appropriate preparation methods based on defect type
• Document substrate condition using standard checklists
• Interpret manufacturer's instructions for substrate preparation

Topics:
• Substrate assessment techniques: moisture, adhesion, soundness
• Common defects: blisters, peeling, chalking, rust, cracks
• Defect causes and implications for coating performance
• Tools for assessment: moisture meter, adhesion tester
• Manufacturer's data sheets: reading and application
• Practical exercise: assess and record defects on sample panels

Objectives:
• Identify hand and power tools used for surface preparation
• Select appropriate abrasives and grades for different substrates
• Demonstrate safe operation of preparation equipment
• Maintain and store tools according to manufacturer guidelines
• Explain the purpose of each tool in the preparation process

Topics:
• Hand tools: scrapers, wire brushes, sanding blocks
• Power tools: orbital sanders, angle grinders, pressure washers
• Abrasives: sandpaper grades, steel wool, abrasive pads
• Safety guards and dust extraction systems
• Tool maintenance: cleaning, storage, replacement intervals
• Practical demonstration: set up and use a random orbital sander

Objectives:
• Select appropriate cleaning agents for different contaminants
• Apply cleaning methods to remove dirt, grease, and mould
• Rinse and dry surfaces correctly to prevent flash rusting
• Use chemical strippers safely and effectively
• Dispose of cleaning waste according to environmental regulations

Topics:
• Types of contaminants: oil, grease, dust, mildew, efflorescence
• Cleaning agents: detergents, solvents, trisodium phosphate
• Pressure washing techniques: pressure settings, nozzle angles
• Chemical stripping: application, dwell time, removal
• Neutralisation and rinsing: importance of residue-free surface
• Waste management: containment, disposal, SDS interpretation

Objectives:
• Identify surface imperfections requiring repair
• Select appropriate fillers, patching compounds, and sealants
• Apply filler to cracks, holes, and dents with proper technique
• Sand repaired areas to achieve a smooth, feathered finish
• Evaluate the quality of repairs against industry standards

Topics:
• Types of fillers: wood filler, spackling, epoxy, auto body filler
• Mixing ratios and application methods for each filler type
• Techniques: filling, smoothing, feathering edges
• Drying times and sanding intervals
• Sealants for gaps around windows, doors, and trim
• Practical exercise: repair defects on wood and plaster boards

Objectives:
• Select correct sanding grit sequence for each substrate
• Perform hand and machine sanding to achieve required finish
• Control dust using extraction and containment methods
• Recognise when sanding is complete (e.g., no visible scratches)
• Apply dust-free techniques before coating application

Topics:
• Abrasive grits: coarse, medium, fine, very fine
• Sanding sequence: progressive grits to avoid swirl marks
• Hand sanding blocks and contours
• Machine sanding: orbital, belt, detail sanders
• Dust control: vacuum attachments, wet sanding, tack cloths
• Practical exercise: sand a previously coated surface to a smooth finish

Objectives:
• Differentiate between primer types (oil, water, shellac, etc.)
• Select primer based on substrate and topcoat compatibility
• Prepare primer: stirring, thinning, straining
• Apply primer using brush, roller, or spray equipment
• Inspect primed surface for uniformity and coverage

Topics:
• Primer functions: adhesion, stain blocking, corrosion resistance
• Water-based vs solvent-based primers
• Special primers: for metal, glossy surfaces, new drywall
• Application techniques: cutting in, rolling, spray patterns
• Drying times and recoat windows
• Practical exercise: prime a mixed substrate panel

Objectives:
• Identify common paint types (latex, enamel, epoxy, etc.)
• Interpret paint labels: VOC, coverage, finish, durability
• Select paint system for interior vs exterior applications
• Calculate paint quantity required for a given area
• Understand colour theory and tinting basics

Topics:
• Paint chemistry: binders, pigments, solvents, additives
• Paint finishes: flat, eggshell, satin, semi-gloss, gloss
• Interior vs exterior paint: UV resistance, flexibility
• Coverage rates and spread calculations
• Colour matching and tinting: bases, colourants
• Practical exercise: read a paint label and calculate needed volume

Objectives:
• Select appropriate brush type and size for the job
• Select roller cover nap length for surface texture
• Demonstrate correct brush loading and painting technique
• Apply paint evenly with roller without drips or lap marks
• Clean and maintain brushes and rollers for reuse

Topics:
• Brush types: natural bristle vs synthetic, angled vs square
• Brush techniques: cutting in, brushing out, tipping off
• Roller covers: nap lengths for smooth, semi-rough, rough surfaces
• Rolling techniques: W pattern, back-rolling, avoiding stipple
• Common defects: brush marks, roller texture, runs
• Practical exercise: paint a wall section with brush and roller

Objectives:
• Identify spray equipment types: airless, HVLP, conventional
• Set up and adjust spray gun for optimal performance
• Apply paint using spray technique with consistent coverage
• Clean spray equipment thoroughly after use
• Troubleshoot common spray defects (orange peel, runs, overspray)

Topics:
• Spray equipment components: gun, hose, pump, compressor
• Gun adjustments: fluid flow, fan pattern, air pressure
• Spray techniques: distance, angle, overlap, trigger control
• Safety: respirators, spray booths, ventilation
• Cleaning: flushing solvent, disassembly, tip cleaning
• Practical exercise: spray a flat panel with consistent finish

Objectives:
• Assess condition of existing coating for adhesion
• Determine compatibility between old and new coatings
• Perform spot priming and sealing of stains
• Apply appropriate preparation for glossy or failing coatings
• Test adhesion using cross-hatch or pull-off methods

Topics:
• Adhesion testing: scrape test, cross-hatch, tape pull
• Coating compatibility: chemical resistance, solvent attack
• Deglossing: liquid deglossers vs sanding
• Spot priming: stain blocking, rust inhibition
• Dealing with failing coatings: scraping, feathering
• Practical exercise: prepare a previously coated surface for repaint

Objectives:
• Prepare bare wood: sanding, knot sealing, priming
• Prepare bare metal: rust removal, etching, primer
• Prepare new plaster: curing, pH testing, sealing
• Apply first coat of paint with correct technique
• Identify common issues with new surfaces and remedies

Topics:
• Bare wood: grain raising, knot staining, filler application
• Bare metal: rust removal methods, acid etching, metal primer
• New plaster: drying time, alkalinity test, mist coat
• First coat application: thinning for porous surfaces
• Common problems: bleed-through, blistering, poor adhesion
• Practical exercise: paint a bare wood panel and a metal panel

Objectives:
• Identify specialised coatings: anti-corrosion, fire retardant, textured
• Apply textured finishes using rollers, brushes, or spray
• Apply clear coats and varnishes for wood protection
• Understand two-pack (epoxy/polyurethane) mixing and application
• Recognise safety precautions for specialised coatings

Topics:
• Anti-corrosion coatings: zinc-rich, epoxy mastic
• Fire retardant paints: intumescent, application thickness
• Textured finishes: sand, stipple, orange peel
• Clear finishes: varnish, lacquer, polyurethane
• Two-pack systems: mixing ratio, pot life, induction time
• Practical exercise: apply a textured finish and a clear coat

Objectives:
• Inspect finished work for defects and compliance to specifications
• Rectify common defects: runs, sags, orange peel, dust nibs
• Maintain a clean and safe work site throughout the process
• Prepare work area for final inspection
• Complete documentation: daily reports, paint usage logs

Topics:
• Quality standards: SANS 10028, manufacturer specifications
• Defect identification: causes and corrective actions
• Rectification techniques: sanding, spot painting, full recoat
• Site safety: housekeeping, ladder safety, waste removal
• Documentation: inspection checklists, material records
• Practical exercise: inspect a painted panel and rectify defects

Objectives:
• Complete a practical task covering all stages from preparation to finishing
• Demonstrate competence in tool selection, safety, and technique
• Pass written assessment on theory and regulations
• Receive feedback and identify areas for improvement
• Understand pathways for further skills development

Topics:
• Practical assessment: prepare and paint a composite surface
• Written assessment: multiple choice and short answer questions
• Oral questioning: troubleshooting scenarios
• Feedback session: strengths, weaknesses, improvement plan
• Course summary: key takeaways and resources
• Certification requirements and further learning opportunities