Install And Secure Ohte Switches Under Isolated And Earthed Conditions Training

Objectives:
• Identify different types of switches (isolated, earthed, and combined) and their applications.
• Understand fundamental electrical safety principles and relevant legislation.
• Explain the difference between isolated and earthed conditions.
• Recognise the importance of lockout/tagout procedures.

Topics:
• Overview of switch types: knife switches, disconnectors, earthing switches
• Basic electrical theory: voltage, current, resistance, and earthing
• Safety standards: SANS 10142, OHS Act, and SAQA requirements
• Hazards: electric shock, arc flash, and short circuits
• Introduction to personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Lockout/tagout (LOTO) fundamentals

Objectives:
• Select appropriate hand tools and testing equipment for switch installation.
• Perform visual inspections and mechanical checks on switches before installation.
• Verify switch ratings against system requirements.
• Prepare the work area for safe installation.

Topics:
• Tools: insulated screwdrivers, spanners, torque wrenches, multimeters
• Testing equipment: insulation resistance testers, voltage detectors
• Pre-installation inspection: physical damage, corrosion, label verification
• Rating verification: current, voltage, fault current withstand
• Work area preparation: isolation, barricading, and signage
• Documentation: job cards, permits, and material lists

Objectives:
• Safely isolate the electrical circuit according to procedure.
• Mount and secure switches on designated panels or structures.
• Connect conductors with correct torque and termination methods.
• Verify isolation integrity after installation.

Topics:
• Isolation procedure: identify source, verify zero energy, apply LOTO
• Mounting techniques: backplate, DIN rail, and panel cutouts
• Conductor preparation: stripping, crimping, and lugging
• Torque specifications: manufacturer and standard values
• Insulation resistance testing post-installation
• Visual and mechanical checks: alignment, clearance, and tightness

Objectives:
• Understand the purpose of earthing switches and their role in safety.
• Install earthing switches in accordance with earthing system design.
• Connect earthing conductors and test continuity.
• Ensure proper bonding and equipotential bonding.

Topics:
• Earthing systems: TN, TT, IT configurations
• Earthing switch types: manual, motorised, and automatic
• Installation of earthing switches: positioning, fixing, and connections
• Earthing conductor sizing and routing
• Continuity testing and earth fault loop impedance
• Bonding of metallic enclosures and cable armour

Objectives:
• Install mechanical interlocking and padlocking devices on switches.
• Verify that locking mechanisms prevent unauthorised operation.
• Implement key exchange and trapped key systems.
• Test interlocking functionality and document results.

Topics:
• Mechanical interlocks: padlock hasps, lockout devices, and key interlocks
• Trapped key systems: principle, installation, and sequence
• Padlocking procedures: multiple lockout, group lockout
• Verification of interlock operation: sequence testing
• Documentation: lockout tags, interlock checklists
• Maintenance of locking devices: lubrication, inspection

Objectives:
• Perform insulation resistance and high-potential testing on installed switches.
• Conduct functional tests under no-load and load conditions.
• Diagnose common installation faults and rectify them.
• Complete commissioning documentation.

Topics:
• Insulation resistance testing: phase-to-phase, phase-to-earth
• High-potential (hipot) testing: procedure and safety
• Functional testing: open/close operation, auxiliary contacts
• Load testing: current measurement, temperature rise check
• Common faults: loose connections, misalignment, incorrect wiring
• Fault rectification: tightening, replacement, adjustment
• Commissioning reports: test results, sign-offs

Objectives:
• Develop a routine inspection schedule for switches.
• Perform preventive maintenance tasks such as cleaning and tightening.
• Identify signs of wear, corrosion, or thermal damage.
• Maintain accurate maintenance logs and records.

Topics:
• Inspection frequency: monthly, quarterly, annual
• Visual inspection: cleanliness, arcing marks, loose parts
• Preventive maintenance: cleaning contacts, lubricating mechanisms
• Thermographic inspection: hot spots identification
• Record keeping: maintenance log, inspection checklist
• Condition-based maintenance triggers
• Replacement criteria: end-of-life, damage, obsolescence

Objectives:
• Integrate switches into a complete electrical system with control and protection.
• Review all safety procedures and compliance requirements.
• Demonstrate competency in a practical assessment.
• Complete theoretical assessment with pass mark of 70%.

Topics:
• System integration: switches with fuses, breakers, and relays
• Control circuits: remote operation, status indication
• Safety review: LOTO, PPE, arc flash boundaries
• Practical assessment: install and secure a switch under isolated and earthed conditions
• Theoretical assessment: multiple-choice and short questions
• Feedback and improvement areas
• Certification and career pathways